Machine for folding and securing box-cover margins



Jan. 31, 1928.

H. BRIDGMAN MACHINE FOR FOLDING AND SECURING BOX COVER MARGINS Filed May13. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 31,` 1928.

H. BRIDGMAN MACHINE FOR FOLDING AND sEcURING Box COVER MARGINS Filed May15. 1926 3 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR f/a 11; fyr/'dyman Nmx ATTORNEY Jan.3l, 19.28.

Filed May 13. 1926 Y 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 A'ITORNEY STATES ru:

HAR-RY BRIDGMAIT, F NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSGTNOR T0 BRIDGMAN RUBEN, NG., OF

NEW' YORK, Il?. Y., Il CRPORATXON OF NEVI MACHINE FOR FOLDNG ANI)SECURNG BOX-COVER MARGINS.

Application lfiled May 13,

lltlyinvention relates to a machine designed tor turning and foldinginward, and scour. ing, projecting margins oit cover paper ot astrip-covered box shell, or for analogous purposes.

` Among the principal objects oit' the invention are: to provide amachine which, preterably, is entirely automatic; Whichis designed toinclude an automatic teed oit the lll covered bon shells, or toco-operate With automatic feeding mechanism; which then manipulates theshells and their Vproject-ing cover margins, Without the use ot anyplunger7 or internal form, to turn the open- -l'i edge marginshorizontally inward and then doivn against inner faces of the boa Walls,

and press the margins into adhesive connection with the shell Walls by aclinching or v pinching `operation in which the stresses 1n ll thepressing mechanisms are practically equalined or seltcontained; to also,when desired, lold and secure projecting bottom cover margins upon thebox bottom; and to so construct and arrange the parts that they areeasily adjustable for different boi; sizes.

Another object which is in one aspect subordinate to other objects, butin a preferred embodiment of the invention is of great importance inconnection With other features, :io is to provide hydraulic means toroperating certain parts ot the mechanism, and espe-` cially the pressingdevices.

lhe invention mechanism is especially useful il'or handling boi( shells,the Walls ot .m which have been covered by a stripping operation inwhich a strip ot glued paper is wound about the Walls, severed andoverlapped to complete the covering ot outer Wall surfaces. lhisoperation leaves margins oit the cover projecting above and below thewalls at the top and bottom of the boi; respectively. lt has beencustomary in j the art to turn and secure these margins by hand, theupper margins beingturned in and down against inner marginal -faces otthe Walls, and the bottom margins being turned and pressed horizontallyagainst the box bottom- The present machine provides means ttor rapidlyand automatically @Hecting certain of these turning1 operations, andespecially the inturning and pressing ot the `top margins and also, whendesired, certain ot the bottom margins, usually those projecting belowthe side Walls ot the box. The

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1926'. Serial No. 108,851.

only hand margin turning operation then necessary is that oit turningthe end bottom margins and securing them to the box bottom, and this maybe done by the operative who perlormsthe stripping operation when thatis done by hand.

rlhe characteristics and advantages oi" the invention are furthersuiiiciently explained in `connection with the following detaildescription ot the accompanying drawings, Whichshow a representativeembodiment ot' the invention. After considering this eX- ample, skilledpersons will understand that many variations may be made, and Icontemplate the employment oiany structures that are within the scope oithe appendec claims.

ln the drawings liig. l is ,a view in vertical, longitudinal, section inthe plane l-1, F ig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical, transverse section in the plane 2 2, Fig. I.

Fig. 3 is a section, similar to Fig. 2, with some parts omitted, showinga dilt'erent operative position.

Fig. llis a top plan, with some parts sectioned. j

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary, top-plan detail of the turning and pressingbars and one oi the hydraulic operating devices.

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan ot the same.

llig. is av sectional detail ot the turning and pressing bars and l.ottoi'ninargin turner.

Fig. S is a. detail of operating means :tor the hydraulic actuator ordriver.

Fig. 9 is perspective view oit a stripcovered box, in condition iorsupply to the present machine.

The general'plan ot operations is brielly described as follower- Theboi; shell B, to the side and end Walls ot Which the cover paper C hasbeen applied, usually by a stripping operation, has the top covermargins M projecting above the upper Wall edges all around the box, andmay also have bottom side Wall margins M1 projecting below the befrbottom at the side thereof, rlhe end bottom margins have been turned inand allixed to the boi; bottom by hand operations or otherwise. Thesecovered boxes are advanced in a series, end lirst, to a position belovvmargin turning and pressing mechanism. The bon is then elevated to bringthe upper shell edges substantially in horizontal align- Lew/,eee

nient with turning and pressing devices, which are at this timehorizontally retracted. There are tour or these devices corresponding tothe tour sides of the box, The devices are bodily movable convergentlyand divergently and each includes an inner and an outer bar With nieansfor moving,` these bars relatively7 to provide a box-Wall-receivingspace and to press tlieuvall between the bars. The outer bars have theirinner faces depending below the lorver edges ot the inner bars, Whichare rounded or cani-shaped in cross section." The turning yand pressingdevices are inovedbodil'y convergently7 While the't'vvobars of eachdevice'are separated,

.and in this movement the rounded or canilile faces of theiinnerbarstu'rn the upper cover margins horizontally inwardand 'at the sainetime act upon the upper edges or the bonr Walls to levelthe box. linthis 'convergent 'inoveinentof 'the turning devices bottoni inarginAturning devices may also act to turn land preliininarily press thebottoni side cover ineirgins Vagainst"the box bottoni. At the end oi thestated converegent movement the inner bars 'of all the pressing`devices,` ivhich herve beveled ends, 'are brought together so Vthatthese bars provide an inner, rectangular box forni or guide. The outerbars which also haveVv beveled Vends are brought nearly to end-contact7providing` an accurate outer r'orrnior guide. Lower faces of the outer'bars'also engage upper portions of the box Walls and-positivelyposition or center the box' and correct any box irregularities, so thatv'the Walls are accurately positioned for inovenient into the spacebetween the inner andout'erbars rlihe box is non7 again raised to bringits upl iv'all inargins between' the spaced inand outerbars, and in thismovement the rounded or cani-like bottom iinces ot the inner bars turnthe cover margins' down parallelito inner'ivall iaces. The outer barsare noiv inoved 'convergent-,ly or toward the corresponding' inner'hairs to press the cover margins firmly in position on the box walls`Ito which they adhere by virtue or adhesive which was 'applied inthestripping; operation. The outer bars are retracted or withdrawndiver-gently to free thel box walls troni pressure'gthe boi; is loweredclear troni the turning* and Vpressing d vices 'ivhile the latter areinovedbodily div'ergently ready 'for another action.; the box is theninoved onvvard for discharge9 and in this motion the bottdni margins maybe additionally pressed and secured'in position. A positive ejector isprovided to deiinitely rnove the box down clear troni the turning' andpressing" devices, after the margin pressingoperation. Another box isthen'positioivied beloiv the turning and pressing' devices Aandelevated, und the stated cycle continues i,1detinitely.v nll/ilechanisin for performing the stated process or series ofOpern-tions, is provided in the present specific example7 us follows:-

riihe machine built upon or about :i traine which includes sidestundurds l2 having tiared bases 2 and connected by various cross barsor nieinbers susl as 3, Li, etc. Desirably, the entire machine issupporied,

for easy n'ioi'ability, upon sinuil wheels i mounted on licuruuis oncross bers The cross hairs 3 support a longitudiuul bar 'i' on which aremounted pulleyv yohcs tl und 9 which may, i'r nmfessarya be udjuslublelongitudinally of the supporting bar by ineans oi slots therein;r id:fvfurcd by nuts lO.

fr shaft ll in voire U supports lin-co spaced pulleys und lil. A.shaifry lei- 'in yohe o supports a puliey l5 in line with the centri'pulley l2 ou shuiit li. nuiiu teed belli lo runs on puiiejfs 'l2 und'ifi und the upper stretch ot the belt und the wright ol boxes thereonborne bv a.. rail l? supported by the yolres. Carry-oil bolts 'if runabout lhc outer pulleys i3 on .shu'iit il lo uuy convfn lent point oi"disposal or the lnishcd boxes. The rearward portions oi' the ichs ure etcourse supported on ,cui )lo pulieys (not shown). 'the upper stretchesolf bells l are also supported by rails l5) il`or u purpose referred tohereai'ler. .lhe conveyor bolts :ire driven in any convenient wey,:ipiwiiw ally7 in this example, by u belt 2li pur-'sinn' about a pulley2l on shaft il and also about a pulley i2 ou a shaft 223 ulijncd withibo shaiit ot u inotor 24s inountcu ou loiuril'udinai traine bars i Thebones are guideiil in 'their niovenunt to the turning` nierhzinisni by.sido rails 21h and siinilur side guide rails :irrprovided adpiceutbelts it to guide the l'inished boxes.

A top ironie ineniber il() is supported 'or vertical :nljusi'uicut on.side traine upri i rihis top 'freine incliulrs ii'uns'i'erse :mus undlongitudinal :irnis 32.

n'iounied in beuriues in 'lzuuw members i :end has piuions2licngffigringr the ieri?k o'i" lb;` rack bars and also u, polyi rmll'oruiziliou iii' on one end to receive s ivrf ich or similar tool forrotatino' the sha'lt to in :ind lo'vvcr ibiracl bars` nd so iovertically :id iusi liu lop freine member. This :u'ljusl'nient is linedby setting up screws 3S to loi-h the buis in their lguides.

rihe top traine nieniber rorries the lui'ninfr und pressing' mechanismwhich consis of :tour units or turningr und pressing; bends each ofwhich includes :i traine structure having' a base i0 adiustablyconnected (o u slide bar which is n'iouul'cd ior rcciprocation in guidesi2 in one oif he iop l'ruuie arins. The turning` head buse is providedWith a bolt 43 passing through :i slot ifi in its lli)

inem-lai corresponding slide ll. and the head ot the bolt acts on aspacing sleeve 46 .to loch the turning mechanism in adjusted position ontllis slide. Each slide has a cam roller All, engaging one oit thespirally directed cani channels 48 in a cam wheel mounted toroscillation on a hollow spindle 50seeured at `the center of the top:traine member. rllhe cam wheel is oscillated bya pitlnan 5l connectedto an arm 52 having a hub 53 mount ed in a bearing sleeve oil connectedto the top ifrallle member by a bracket .55. 'lhe hub l, splilled on avertical shaft 50 mounted in a lower bearing; l" so that arm 52 isconnected to oscillate with the shalt and is ,tree to slide thereon inthe adjustment ot the top trame menlber. At its lower end shaft 50 hasan arm 58 provided with a cam roller 55) rulnling in a canl track in acam body 6l fixed on a transverse eountershaift 02, rEllis countershaltis driven trom the motor drivt by a wor-ln ll thereon, engaging en shalta worm gear b5 on shaft 02.

'llhe base l0 ot each turllinp,` 'and pressin head is jilrovided with aninwardly directed strut supjlortinp; un inner turning` and pre@singd baril ll7l'lile other materials n'lay be used, this, and the otherco-opcraftingbar referred to hereafter are desirably made ol wood sothat they may becheaply and conveniently shaped and dimensioned tol.`ditiierent box sizes setso'lf these bars being;l provided ior bone.k otditl'erent sizes, or the bars may be easily cut olii' `at the ends totit any box dinlensions. r lllle ends 73 ot these bars are beveled atall angle ot lm so tllat the nfleetinp'rends of the four inner bars 7l,as shown in top plan, Fig. 5, lit closely together when the heads are:in inward position. The lower portions ot the bar ends are slightly cutaway, as shown in bottom plan, Fig. G, to provide a clearance at Tl, thewidth of this clearance being` somewhat exaggerated ill the drawing.llllis clearance prevents pinchingthe upstandingi cover nlargin cornersbetween the bar ends, as the bars convergre in turning; the lllarp'inshoriZontally` lt is desirable to mount the bars ttor 'free end wisel'llovelllent so that they will automatica ly adjust themselves in thelengthwise direction as their ends contact in the convergent movement otthe heads, and this manner ot mounting also permits easy and `quickremoval and replacen'lent of the bars,

lol instance, when the box size is changed.

l For this purpose the bars are provided with top and side channels 76engaging ribs Y?" lormed on strut 70 and on the lower' edge olf aholding` plate 78 respectively. The bars may be slid endwise intoposition and will then automatically adjust themselves in the mannerabove n'lentioned in the operation ot the machine, and there isnotendency to excessive longitudinal displacementA of the bars Awhen theheads are retracted, because the bars are brought deiinitely toapproximately centered position in their supports at each convergentmovement ot the head. 'lhelbottom laces ot the inner bars 71 are roundedor beveled toward each side :troni the bottom 79 so tllat the oppositebeveled or rounded bar faces have a canrlilte margin turning or box edgedirecting ette/ct, as 'furH thel` referred to below.

(lo-operating with cach inner bar Tl is an outer pressing tacedil'llension or" which is such that it extends substantially below thelower edge of the inner bar. Each oit the outer bars is slidablyarranged .in a manner similar to the support ot the inner bar, `in abrachet lll the center of which is connected to a plunger 532 and endportions of which are connected to other plunpers 83. rl`he ends ot theouter bars are beveled at an angle of soo so 'that they will :littogether and adjust themselves lengthwise in the cl'lnvergentlnclelllent ol'i the heads, in a manner sullicienty understood t'rom theexplanatioll oif the inner bars, 'lhe center supporting pl anger ot eachbracket @il passes through a guide hole 84tin an .inner diaphlalgrlllsupport tll i'iornled au a part olI the pressing` head trame, and theouter pluno'ers il?) pass through guide holes in ears 86 'lorlilled inthe diaphrakrnll support A hydraulic diapllragll'l Si" is clamped to :inouter annular 'ace o'lj the support by ily-- draulic casing` 88 securedto the support h5 by screws S9. rlihe central plunger has a plate 90resting' against the diaphragm and is urged outwardly by a spring;1 Jlco pressed between the plate and the diapllrl support. The hydraulicchan'lber liorll'led- Y each diaphragm casina' 8S is filled with asuitable power conveying liquid and is connected by means ot a nipple 02and tlenil'lle pipe 93 to a hydraulic driver ol generally similarconstruction to the jflressina' diaphragm and sull'lcielltly referred tollerealter.

lll/hen it is desired to turn in projecting; lower side cover margins,the brackets Sl olf cach turning;1 and pressing mechanism is providedwith dependillgr guido lllelllberf-l lud on which bi'achets lOl areslil'lably nll'lnnted and secured in adjusted position by screws 102passingl through slots 103 in the ,ejuides Brackets 101 provide endbearings l'or the shaft 104; of a` roll 105 which may be long` enough toturn the bottom side cover margrins ot the longest box that the nlachineis designed to handle. rlhe supporting' bracket-s are adjustedvertically `with regard to the depth ot the box so that when the headsmove inward to etiect the horizontal inturning1 of the top covermargins, the rolls 105 at the same time run under the longi tudinalbottom corners o'l the box with slight pressure thereon, and turn thebottom cover margins M1 inward and press them against bar80, the innervertical.

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the box bottom to which they adhere by reason 01"" the adhesive appliedin the stripping operation. rlhese bottoni turning devices may beomitted it the bottom margin turning operation is uninecessL ry.

An ejector is provided, consisting olf a plate 110, the plan dimensionsof which are small enough to lit within the smallest boxes to be handledor plates ot' dierent dimensions may be provided it necessary ordesirable, lor diiierent box plan dimensions.

rlhe ejector' plate is carried on the lower end oli a plunger 111 whichpasses through the hollow spindle above mentioned, and connected at itsupper end by links 112 to a lever arm 11?) 'tulcrumed at 1', Y in abracket 115 extending upward from one ot the side frame pedestals 1. iilink 11G is pivotally connected to the lezer arm and also to a cani yokeand Jr'ollower 117, cai-operating with cam 118 on transverse cam shait(3Q. The lever is urged downward or to bony ejecting position by aspring 1Q() tensioed between link 116 a lined point on the traine.

lili-3ans ar provided 'lier approxilnately'positioning the successiveboxes below the turning and pressing mechanism and for elevating themfor 'the initial turning operation, as followszlaongitudinal litter barsare located at opposite sides of feed belt 1G, below the turningnechanism. llornially, the upper edges ol these bars are slightly belowthe level of the upper belt stretches. it their rearward end the barshave upstanding stop fingers 126 to engage the forward end ot the box asthe feed belt moves it over the lifting bars and cheek the box in theproper longitudinal position, the lateral position of the box beingregulated by the side guide rails 26. The lifting rails 125 are mountedon plungers 130 which are arranged for vert-ical recij'nocation inguides 131 carried by lnfackets 132 adjustably secured on a cross bar13S. The lower ends of the vertical bars are slotted to ena horizontallifting bar 1314i connected to a slide mounted or vertical reciproAcation in guide 185 on transverse trame .nember 13G. The slide isreciprocated by link il?? connected to a lever arm 138 tulcrumed `nbracket 139 and provided with a cain roll 1x1() running in a cam channel1l-1 in cam body 141-0 lined on the transverse cam shaft (lo. .hebrackets 32 and lifting rails are adjusted late ally toward and from thecenter line ot the in chine, in accordance with box width by a screwmountei'l in bearings in traine uprights 1 and secured against endmotion. rEhe scr-ew passes through nuts 151 secured to the brackets andhas at one end a polygonal format-ion 152 for engagement by a wrench orother suitable tool to rotate the scew and thus adjust the liftingrails, this adjustment being permitted without disturbance of: the

operative connection ot the vertical bars l'l() by the `lateral sliding'of the bar slots 1230 on the horizontal operating bar 134.

For energizing the liydraulic pressing devices above mentioned, ahydraulic actuator is provided, comprising a diaphragm 'l' 'ame 1GOsecured to :trame bar 13G and having a piston guide 162. A diaphragm 163and diaphragm casing 164 are secured Vlo the diaphragm trame,substantially as described in regard to the hydraulic driven devices. Afilling hole and screw plug 165 are provided for recharging thehydraulic 1rising 1G11; with a suitable liquid it the supply is depletedby leakage or otherwise. 'lhe diaphragm acts on a plate 1(3(5 secured toa piston 16T reciprocably located in the guide 162. This piston is actedon by a plunger 168 reciprocably located in a guide in t ansvcrse iframeinember 136. The plunger is connected to a yoke 169 litl'ing about thecam shalt G2 and having a cam roller 170 engaging in a channel in a cambody 171 fixed on the shalt.

At the center o'tl the diaphragm casing is a threaded bore lo receive aln'anchcd lilting 181, from which the llexible pipes Sil. abovementioned, lead to the nipples 92 olf the if'arious driven hydraulicdevices.

Any suitable means may be provided 'For regulating the movement oftboxes to initial position. One known mechanism is illustrated for thispurpose and no claim is made to it except generally as suitable'l'ecdu'egin lating means7 in connection with other lcaturcs ot theinvention. This mechanism inludes a stop linger carried by an arm 191 ona rock shalt 192, which is mounted in a bearing at the end oli a bracket1923 extending 'lirom the 'forward longitudinal arm 32 ot top plate 30.rllhe rock shaft also has another arm 1911 adjustably secured lo a link195 which is actuated by a bcllcrauk 196 iiulcrumed at 19T and providedwith a cam roller 198 engaging an actuating cam on am body 61,previously mentioned.

ji gauging'devicc is dcsirably provided lo lacilitrd'e the adjustmento'l' the top 'l'rame member 30 in accordance with box height. Thiscomprises a lower gauge incmbcr 2l() projecting from the iixed iframebr: ckct 115 and an upper gauge member or linger 211 projecting from oneot the top plate cross arms 31. The gauge members are so located thatthe distance between their confronting iaces is equal to the distancebetween lthe upper laces ol the box lifting bars 125 and the lower edgesoi the inner turning barsl 7l. 'llhereliorm in adjusting the iop plate'for :1 given box height, it is only necessary to place the box bottomon the lower gauge 2l() and rotate tl e adjusting shat 35 until theupper gauge member is close to or touches the upper edge of the box walland thereupon the turning and pressing mechanism are properly locatedwith respect to their 'vertiloo (Ell

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cal position for operating upon the particular box or others of thesaine height.

Means are also provided to hold the boxes as they pass onward from theturning and pressing mechanism irmly upon the carryoft conveyor belts 18to further press and secure the bottom side cover margins in position.For this purpose one or more rollers Q20 are `provided, supported bybrackets 221. from longitudinal top frame member Si, the brackets beingrdimensioned so that when the top frame plate is adjusted for a box ofparticular height, 'the horizontal holding or pressing rolls will bearupon the upper edges of the box walls as it moves on the carry-off belt18 and thus press the oottom cover margins against" toe boi; bottoni,the belt supporting rails 19 servingto keep the upper belt stretchesfinhorizontal alignment to rcsist the roller pr ssure. @july one roll shownin the drawing, but a. series of rolls may evidently be provided ifnecessary `or desirable.

lllhen the boxes placed uponthe feed end of conveyor' belt 1.6 havedownwardly projecting lower side cover margins, such as lli/ill, Fig. 9,these margins do not come in Contact with any part of the mechanism,since the bones are supported by the feed belt only along their centralzone, andthe cover margins project down alongside the brackets whichcarry the side guide rails 26, as easily understood in Fig. 3. rtstherear end wall of each successive box approaches the stop member 190,that member lowered to active position by its canimechanism and stopsthe box in the position shown in lfig. 1, `lifter turning` and prersingoperations upon the preceding box, and as that bor: moves onward, thestop linger is withdrawn and the boi: moves on by the traction ot itssupporting belt until stopped by its forward end engaging stop fingers126, which are then projected above the path of box movement. at thistime the turn ing and pressing heads are withdrawn laterally. rlhe cammechanism above described now raises the elevated rails 125 and the boxis moved upward until the upper edges of theshell walls are level withthe bottom of the `inner turning bars 71. llhe turning leads are nowmoved simultaneously inward or convergently and in this moven'lent theround inner faces of the innerbars engage the upper edges of the borshell walls (or actually the coverpaper superposed` upon the walls).This convergent movement of the inner bar serves tocorrect any tiltingof the box in a, horizontal plane;` Thus, if one wall edge is slightlyhigher than the others, the round formation of the bar will press thatwall downward into the proper plane. The continuous inward movement ofthe bar, causes its round or beveled face to i the projecting coverngiargins litt hoiziH Zontally inward, and the clearances at 74, Fig. G,also prevent pinching of the upstanding corner formations as the ends ofthe bars converge. The outer faces of the inner bars are now in theapproximate vertical planes ofthe inner bonr shell walls and the innerfaces of the outer bars have been brought against the outer faces of thebox walls" to finally and positively adjust the box or center it in thelongitudinal plane. .ln the convergent movement of the heads, the rolls105 are moved inward to engage the lower longitudinal box cornersandwith slight pressure run under the bon bottoms and turn and press theprojecting lower side cover margins M1 against the bottom of the box towhich they adhere by reason of adhesive applied in connection with thestripping operation.`

ln the convergent movement'of the turning heads, the bars are separated,as shown in Figs. l and 3. nihe bonYV is now moved upward by anothersmall upward movement of the lifting rails 125 to carry the upper shellwall margins up between the inner and outer pressing bars, as shown inlTig. 3. ln the upward movementof the bor; the outer rounded or camformation of the bottom face of the inner turning bars 71, causes thebars to move within the shell walls and simultaneously turn the uppercover margins down parallel to tne shell faces. rlhe hydraulic driving`mechanism is now actuated to cause all ofthe hydraulic diaphragms ormotor mechanisms to move the outer pressing bars forcibly inward andpress the down turned cover margins firmly against inner surfaces of theshell walls. The outer bars are now retracted to free the b i: and theejector moved downward as the elevating rails move downward todefinitely eject the box from ,the pressing devices.v is theboxapproaches the conveyor level, the pressing `heads are withdrawnlaterally. Vllhen the vbon bottom again rests on the conveyor belt 1G,down-` ward movement of the lifting rails is continued, until. the stoplingers 126 are below level of the bon bottom, the boxes thereupon moveon away from the turning and pressing positions by belt 1G andcarry-oft1 belts 18, and as the bones pass under the top pressing' rollor rolls 220, the bottom side cover margins are additionally pressed and`secured in position, as sufliciently explained above.

The carryotf belts 18 entend to any con-l venient point for dispositionof the finished boxes.

t peculiar and important feature of the mechanism, above described, isthat the same devices, namely, bars Z'lserve to level the bon to turnthe cover margins horizontally, and then to turn them downward bycooperative action of the "boaelevating meais, ln other words, thehorizontal turn llU ing etl'ected by lateral movement o t the bars andthe vertical turning by movement ot the horV in relation tothe bars. Thesame bars also co-operate with the other movable presser bars to pressthe margins .firmly in iosition, and it is to be especially noted thatin the pressing action the strains on the'pressingmechanism aresellcontaincd, that to say, the thrusts are balanced and taken upentirely in the mechanism carried by each ot the pressingheads. Y'lhereis thus no strain imposed on the main machine or in 'the box walls, andno tendency to distort the box; and especially these operrtions arecarried on Without the use ot any Ainternal plunger or ilorm, such as isordinarily used in box Jforming; and margin turning opera-tions, andivhich requires a more complicated structure and `also more intricateoperations, requiring more time andl reducing the output capacity andoit course, correspondingly increasing' the cost ot the boxes. Thepresent machine, by reason oi the abovel described str ictnral teaturesand mode oit operation, also dispenses with other intricate orcomplicated features of previously known machines7 such as turnin bladesor lingers, which must be advanced and retracted, subsequently acting`plungers or forms to effect the vertical turning, and pressing devicesto press the bei: margins against the form.

lilhile hydraulic operating` mechanism is not necessarily employed forthe pressing;l operation7 and in thebroader aspect ot the invention lcontemplate the use ot any suitable mechanism Jrior this purpose, in amore limited aspect of the invention the use of such hydraulicmechanism, as above explained, or the equivalent, is very important,since it materially simplilies the machine in a structural sense andalso permits the positive and forcible actuation of the pressers andespecially permits them to be actuated in su'cha vvay that the strainssetup in them are self-contained in the manner above eiterred to. Toprovide this result or Vlunction with purely mechanical iflevices ivouldinvolve much greater complication and e3'- pense.

Y pl. claim A "l, Box margin fol-ding' mechanism comprising a pluralityot convergjeutlymovable margin folding devices,v means iterapproximately positioningn With relation to said def vices a box havingprojecting cover margins, means tor movingr the devices contrer-gentlyto kaccurately position the boit and turn the cover margins inward, andnieans tor then movingthe'. box relatively to said devices to turn thecover margins doivn against inner faces of the box Walls.

2. Boi; margin folding mechanism comprising apllurali'ty or"convergently movable margintolding devices i'i'ieans tor opprim- :i,comme imately ilii'isitioningr ivith relation to said devices a boxhavingl projectinf;` cover margins? means tor moving` the devicesconverggently to turn the cover margins inward and at the same time bypressure upon the box edn-cs to position it accurately with relation tothe plane et movement ot said dcvires. and means lor then moving1 thebox relativelyY to said devices to turn the rover marp'ius down againstinner iiaccs oE the box walls.

3. Box margin foldingl mechanism com-- prisma' a plurality oitronveueeutly movable margin manipulating; 'ustrumentaliiies. means ior`positioningv a box ivith project-- ine' cover margins adjacent saidinstrumen talities with approximate accurar.v as to latteral directions,means 'lor moving' said instrmnentalities convergrently to turn thecover margins horizontally and to position the box in lateraldirections, and means tor then moving the box vertically ivhile saidinstrumentalities are stationary and pofitioned to turn the covermargins doivn against. inner tacos ot the box ivalls.

Ll. ileclianism oit the class described comprising' a plurality ollconvernjently movable margin manipulating;v instrumentnlites. means tormoving' a boxV vvith pioiei-tiny cover margins to position bclov: .saidinstrun'ientalities, means tor raising the bm` iu relation to saidinstrumentalities to approvimately position the box Ain the plane ol'convergent movement ot .said instrumentalities, and means lor thenmoving the instrumentalities :onvergrently whereupon they accuratelyposition the boi( iu lateral direction: and also in relation to thestated plane ot movement, the instrumentalities ali-fo actimr in theirconvergent movement to turn the cover margins horizom'allyv in iard.

5. lilechanism ot the class described comprisinn a plurality o'tconvergently movable margin 1nanipulatingl instrumentalitier. means tormoving' a boxY with proieriinjr cover margins to position beloiv saidiii-trumentalitiefn means tor raisingv the box in relation to saidinstrumeutaliiicfto approxiu'iately position the bor; iu the plane ol'convernjcnt .movement ot said instrumeutalitief.

and nier-ins tor then movin;r the instrumen! ialities convergentlywhereupon they accurately position the boiv iu lateral directions andalso in relation to the stated plane ol movement. the instrumentalitiesalso action; in their convergent movement lo turn the cover marginshorizontally inward. uri! means ttor then moving' the box and saidinstrumentalities relatively in a direction perpendicular to said planeoi" convergent movement whereby the instriumntalities effect theintoldinn. ol the margins against inner faces of the 'cox wall.

G. B-Llechanism ot the class def-*criteri comprisinga plurality et'converejently movable margin manipulatine` instrumentalilies.

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means for moving a box with projecting cover margins to position beloivsaid :instrumentalities, means for raising the box in relation to saidinstrumentalities to approximately position the boi; in the plane ofconvergent movement of said instrun'ientalities, means for then movingthe instrumentalities convergently whereupon they accurately positionthe box in lateral directions and also in relation to the stated planeof movement, the insti'umentalities also acting in their convergentmovement to turn the cover margins horizontally inward, means for thenmoving the box and said instrumentalities relatively in a directionperpendicular to said plane of convergent movement 4whereby theinsti'iunentalities eifect the infolding of the margins against .innerfaces of the bon iva-ll, and means for then oporating said.instriiinentalities to press the margins in position.

7. lllechanisni of the class described, comprising coiiverigentlymovable devices for turning and pressing projecting upper `bon covermargins, means for feeding and positioning a box in relation to saiddevices, means associated. vvith certain of said devices and acting whenthe devices move convergently to horizontally turn and secure projectingloiver cover margins to the bei; bottom, and means act-ing duringdischarge movement of the boi: to: additionally press and secure thebottom cover margins.

8. .Mechanism of the class described, comprising convergently movableturning and pressing heads, cach having means for operating upon anupper projecting box cover margin, means carried by certain 0f theheads'for turning and pressing projecting lower cover margins ou the boxbottom, means foi-advancing and locating a box in margin-turningposition, means for then simultaneously advancing said devices to turnthe upper and lower cover margins lmrizontally, and means for againmoving the box to eilect turning of upper margins againstinnci" Wallfaces.

9, Mi-chanisin of the class described, coinl'vrising convergcntlymovable turning and pressing heads, each having means for operatingupon. an upper projecting box cover margin, means carried by certain ofthe heads for turning and pressing projecting lower cover margins onvthe box bottom, means for advancing and locating a bon in margin-turningposition, means for then siniultaneously advancing said devices to turnthe upper and lower cover margins' horizontally, means ior againinovingthe bon to effect turning of upper margins against inner vvalltaces, and means for then operating the devices to press the uppermargins in position( l0. M elianisin of the class descri bed,coniprising convergently movable tur and pressing heads, each havingmeans for operating upon an upper projecting box vcover margin, moanscarried by certain of the heads for turning and j iressing projectinglower cover margins on the boi; bottom, means for advancing and locatinga box in margin-turning position, ieans for then simultaneouslyadvancing said devices to turn the upper and lower cover marginshorizontally, means for ejecting the boi; and moving it onward, andmeans acting during the last named box movement to additionally pressand secure the bottom cover margins in position.

ll. lllechanism of the class described, couiprisiug a plurality ofconvergently movable turning and pressing heads, each having' relativelynovablc inner and outer bars, the

inner bars -having cani-shaped louer faces to ailjui-i't a box and turnupper cover niargins horizontally, and the outer bars having inner facesprojecting below the inner bars to linally adjust the box by Wallengagement and to co-operate with the inner bars in pressing the uppercover mar i l2. hiechanism of the class described, coinprising aplurality of convergently movable turning and pressing heads, eachhaving relatively movable inner' and outer bars, the inner bars havingcam-shaped lower faces to adjust a boi; and turn upper cover marginshorizontally, the outer bars having inner faces projecting beloiv theinner bars to finally adjust the box by Wall engagement and toco-operate With the inner bars in pressing the upper cover' margins,means for moving a boi; to preliminary position in relation to saidheads, means for then moving the box to position :its upper shell edgessubstantially in the plane of the inner bar cam faces, and means foragain moving the box after convergent movement of the heads to effectinturning of the cover margins by jiu) action of the inner bars,Whereafter the cooperating` inner and outer bars are moved convergentlyto press the margin.

13. Mechanism of the class described, couiprising a plurality ofconvergently movable turning and pressing heads, each. having relativelymovable inner and outer bars, the inner bars having cam-shaped lowerfaces `to adj ust a box and turn upper cover margins horizontally, theouter bars having inner faces projecting beloiv the inner `bars tofinally adjust the box by wall engagement and to co-operate with theinner bars in pressing the upper cover margins, means for moving a boxto jneliminary position inre.- lation to .said heads, means Jfor thenmoving the boi; to position its upper shell edges sub-- stantially inthe plane of the inner bar cam faces, means for again moving the bon.after convergent movement of the heads to effect inturning of the covermargins by action of the inner be n, Whereafter the cooperating t fr".

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inner and outer bars are moved convergently to press the margin, andanejector acting aiter the pressing action to discharge the box. y,

14. ln a machine of the class described, a plurality oit convergentlymovable heads, and inner and outer turning and pressing bars carried byeach head, the inner bars having beveled ends which engae'e when theheads are moved convergently to form a continuous inner peripheralabutment for pressing cover margins in cooperation with the outer bars.

loiln a machine ont the class described, a plurality ot' convergentlymovable heads, and turning andA pressing bars carried by the heads,thebars having beveled ends which engage when the heads are movedconvergently, clearances being provided in the lovver engaging faces ofadjacent bars to prevent pinching ol cover corner margins.

1G. ln a machine ot the class described, a plurality ot convergentlymovable turning and pressing heads, a bracket on each head, and a barmounted in each bracket and tree tor longitudinal movement whereby. thebars are automatically adjusted as their ends envgage in the convergentmovement of the 'i toward and from the lirst one.

' itl. A machine of the class described, comprising a main trame, boxle'eding and positioning means therein, an adjustable trame member, boxmargin turning mechanism thereon,and gauge means located on the mainframe and the adjustable trame member to indicate the proper positioningo' the adjustable traine member tor a particular box dimension.

l). fr machine ot the class described, comprising a main trame, boi;teeding and positioning means therein, an' adjustable traine member,bor; margin turning inec-ln'inisini thereon, and gauge means located onthe main trame and thel adjustable, traine inember tol indicate theproper positioning ot the adj 'stable trame member tor a particular boxheight, the gauge arrangement beingl such that when the adjustable frameniember is adjusted by proper spacing ot' the gauge men'iber, themargin-turning niechanism is properly positioned tor action on themargins ot boxes .ot the stated height.

2t); lli" machine for turning and pressing projecting cover margins otstrip-covered boxes, comprising a feed belt, a boi; elevator havingstops against which Quccessive boxes are positioned by the toed belt, anupper :fra-ine member supporting eonvergently movable turning andpressing heads, means for moving the elevator to position a bei; in :ipproxiinate relation to the heads, and ineens lor moving the headsconvergentljr` to p tion the bei; and act upon its projecting COVGl'llllj 1lb'.

il niiachine tor turnino und pressing projecting cover margins orsiripscoverrd boxes, comprising a lfeed belt, a box elevador havingstops against vvnich successive lim-,rs are positioned by the toed belt,an upper iframe member supporting couvergently movable turning andpressing heads, ineens 'or mov p the elevator' to position a loziY iu:ipproxiniate relation to the henls, und means for moving lil e hadsconvergenlljf' to position the box and act upon its projecting covermargins, each ot' said heads comprising :in inner and an outer bur undnier. s :ior nioving them convergently.

2Q. A niachine lor turning und pressing); projecting cover margins oitstrip-covered boxes, comprisine' a teed belt, a bof; elevator having stois against which successive boxes are positioned by the :teed belt, anupper trame member supporting convergently movable turning and pressingheads, means l'or moving the elevator to position a boi; in :1pproximaterelation to the heads, means .tor moving the heads convergently toposition the box and act upon its projecting cover margins, each ot saidheads comprising an inner and an outer bar and means lor nieving themconvergently, and means lor oporating the elevator alter convergentmovement oli the heads to effect intox-ningoll boi; niagins byco-operation vv'ith the inner lurf; and position the upper shell marginslor pressing action by convergent movement ot the bars of the respectiveheads.

23. it nnicliine for turnii'io' und pressing projecting cover margins orstrip-covered boxes, comprising a feed belt, :i ooi; elevator havingstops against which successive bores are positioned by the toed bell, unupper if' 'aine member supporting coz1v'ei ;enl v u iovu able turningund pressing heads, n onus l'or moving the elevator lo position :i boi;in approximate relation lo the heads, muuu; tor moving the headsconvergeullv lo position the boi; and aci upon its pr-'ijorl covermargins, euch of .said bends compri.-- an inner and an oucr bur andineens toi' moving them converge ily. and ineens l'or operating theelevator a" convoi-geul nioveinen' of the heads to cn'ecl intox-ning ofVbox margins by ifo-operation vvii'li 'llic inner bars and position theupper shell niargins for pressing action by convergent movement ot thebars of the respective lieu an ejector actii'ig after the pr v I.ingaction lo positively tree the bei; and cause it lo more dovv'nward withthe descending elevator.

jr machine lor turning-,rml pressing projecting core-r margins j'slrip-cm'ered 0r bonos, coiiprising a. feed belt, u bor. elevator ine'Cin

manera having stops against which successive boxes are positioned by thefeed belt, an upper 'frame member supporting convergently movableturning and pressing beads, means for movingthe elevator to position abox in approximate relation to the heads, means for moving the headsconvergently to position the bor; and actupon its projecting covermargins, each of said heads comprising an inner and an outer bar andmeans for moving `them convergently, means tor operating, the elevatorafter convergent movement of the heads to effect inturning el box`margins by co-operation with the inner bars and position the `uppershell margins for pressing action by convergent movement of the bars ofthe respective heads, and a discharge conveyor to move the box awayafter it is freed from the stops by descentol' the elevator.

'25. A machinev for turning and pressing projecting cover margins ol`strip-covered boxes, comprising ateed belt, aboX elevator having stopsagainst which successive bones are positioned by the 'feed belt, anupper frame member supporting convergently movable turning and pressingheads, means for moving the elevator to position a box in approximaterelation to the heads, means for moving the heads convergently toposition the box and actupon its projecting covei` margins, each ot saidheads comprising an inner and an outer bar and means for moving themconvergently, means for operating theelevator alter convergent `movementof the heads to eilect inturning o'lj bon margins by co-operation withthe inner bars and position the upper shell margins tor pressing actionby convergent movement ot the bars of the respective heads, a dischargeconveyor to move the box away alter it is treed lfrom the stopsiby,descent ot the elevator, and means `acting during the carry-oitmovement to additionally press certain oit the cover margins.

26. Mechanism ot the class described, comprising margin turning `means,means for positioning a bon shell `with projecting cover margins inrelation to said turning means, means for actuating `the turning meansto vturn the cover margins horizontally,iand means for then `moving. thebei; shell in the direction oi its side walls while the turning means isrelatively stationary and positioned to turn the` cover marginsvertically against adjacent `shell wall Jlaces. Y 27. `Mechanism` et the`class described, comprising margin turning and pressing` means, means'lor positioning a box shell with projecting cover margins in relationto said turning and pressing means, means tor actuatingthe turning andpressing means to turn thecover margins horizontally, means for thenmoving the boi: vertically while said turning and pressingmeans arerelatively stationary to turn the margins vertically invvard againstadjacent shell wall faces, and means for then operating the turning andpressing mechanism to press the cover margins.

28. Mechanism olf the class described, comprising margin turning andpressing means, means 'lor` jriositioz-iing a box shell with projectingcover margins in relation to said turning and pressing means, means foractuating the turning and pressing means to turn` the cover marginshorizontally and then by movement oi" the box while said turning andpressing means are stationary, to turn them vertically inward againstadjacent shell faces, and an ejector to tree the boxes from theturningand pressing means.

29. Mechanism ot the class described, comprising a turning bar, meansfor positioning a box shell with a projecting cover margin in relationto-the bar, means lor moving the bar laterally to turn` the covermargins horizontally, and means for then, moving the box in relation tothebar at a rightangle tothe above stated bar movement to cause the barto turnthe margin vertically inward.

30. Mechanism ot the class described., comprising a turning bar having aconvex operating lace, means for positioning a bos: shell with aprojecting cover margin in relation to the bar, means for moving the barlaterally to turn the cover margins horizontally, and means lor thenmoving the bon in relation `to the barat a right angle to the abovestated bar movement to cause thevbar to turn the margin verticallyinward.

j 31. Mechanism of the class described comprising turning and pressingdevices including inner and outer bars, means for posi-` tioning a boaVshell with projecting cover margins in relation to the inner bar, meansfor moving said innerbar laterally to turn a cover margin horizontally,meansy for then moving the bon vertically in relation to thebar tocause` the bar to turn the margin vertically inward, and means tor thenoperating the bars to press the margin in position. p 1 i 32. MechanismoiE the class described comprising at least two pairs of margin turningand pressing instrumentalities lor operating upon i'oldable box margins,each of said instrumentalities including an inner and an outer bar,means for moving the bars convergently, and meanstor bodily moving theinstrumentality laterally, means for posiytioning a bon with projectingoldable margins in relation to the inner` bars oi said instrumentalitieswhen the latter are retracted, means for then advancing theinstrumentalities laterally to turnl the box margins horizontally byactionoi the inner bars, means ior then moving the box vertically inrelation tothe inner bars whereby fill ' means i'or so moving` thedevices, each device including pressing means and a driver for saidpressing means, and an actuatorI for energizing allot the driverssimultaneously.

34. Mechanism oi the class described, comprising a plurality of turningand pressing` devices movable in the same general plane in convergentand divergentdirections, and means for so moving the devices, eachdevice including pressing means and a hydraulic driver for said pressingmeans.

` 85. Mechanism of the class described, comprising a plurality otturning and pressing devices movable in the same general plane inconvergent and divergent directions,

means -tor so moving the devices, each device including pressing meansand a hydraulic driver for said pressing means, and a hydraulic actuatorfor energizing all of the hydraulic drivers simultaneously.

V36. lillechanism of the class described, comprising a plurality ofturning and pressing devicesmovable in the same general plane inconvergent and divergent directions, means for somoving the devices, andmeans for positioning a box part in relation to said devices and movingit in steps in relation to the general plane of said devices.

37. Mechanism of the class described, comprising a plurality of combinedmargin turning and pressing instrumentalities each includingco-operating bars arranged for relative convergent and divergentmovement and means for vso moving the bars, means for moving saidinstrumentalities bodily convergently and divergently in relation to acertain point, means tor positioning a covered box part With projectingcover margins in relation to said instrumentalities and for moving it insuccessive steps in relation to the general plane of saidinstrumentalities and With relation to the bodily movement ot saidinstrumentalities and the convergent and divergent movement of theirbars to turn in and atlix the projecting cover margins to adjacent innershell surfaces.

38. Mechanism of the class described, comprising a plurality of combinedmargin turning and pressing instrumentalities each includingcri-operating bars arranged for relativeconvergent and divergentmovement andmeans for so moving the bars, means for moving saidinstrumentalities bodily convergently and divergently in relation to acentralpoint, means tor positioning a covered boX part with projectingcover marremesa gins in relation to said instrumentalities and formoving it in successive steps in relation to the general plane ot saidinstrumentalities and With relation to the bodily movement of saidinstrumentalities and the convergent and divergent movements ot theirbars Vto turn in and ah'ix the projecting cover margins to adjacentinner shell surfaces, and an actuator for all oit said har moving means,operated in coordination With the stated movements of the bei: and saidinstrumentalities.

39. Mechanism of the class described, comprising a plurality of combinedmargin turning' and pressing instrun'ientalities each includingco-operating bars arranged for relative convergent and divergentmovement and hydraulic means tor so moving the hars, means for movingsaid instrumentalities bodily convergently and diver-gently in relationto a central point, and means 'for positioning a` covered box part Withprojecting cover margins in relation to said instrumentalities and formoving it in successive steps in relation to the general plane ot saidinstrumentalities and With relation to the bodily movement ot saidinstrumentalities and the convergent and divergent movements of theirbars to turn and aliix the projecting cover margins to adjacent innershell surfaces.

40. llfiechanism ot the class described, comprising a plurality ofcombined margin turning and pressing instrumentalities each includingco-operating bars arranged tor relative convergent and divergentmovement and hydraulic means for so moving` the bars, means for movingsaid instrumentalities bodily convergent-ly and divergently in relationto a central point. means for j iositioning a covered box part vvithprojecting cover margins in relation to said instrumentality and formoving it in successive steps in relation to the general plane of saidinstrumentalities and vvith relation to the bodily movement ot saidinstrumentalities and the convergent and divergent movements ot theirbars to turn in and ailif: the projecting cover margins to adjacentinner shell surfaces, and a hydraulic actuator tor all of said hydraulicmeans, operated in coordination with the stated movements of the box andsaid instrumentalities.

il. In mechanism of the class described, a turning and pressinginstrumentality comprising a base, means for moving it to and tro,co-operating presser bars on the base, and hydraulic means for operatingsaid bars.

42. fr machine ot the class described comprising a trame, a slidethereon, a pressing and turning head adjustable on the slide, a turningand pressing bar carried by the head, a co-operating pressing harmovably carried by the head, and hydraulic means tor relatively movingthe hars.

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43. A machine of the class described, comprising a frame, boX locatingand elevating means therein, a top plate, mea-ns for adjusting itvertically, and margin turning and 5 pressing means carried by the topplate.

4A. A machine of the class described, comprising a frame, margin turningand pressing means thereon, box feeding means, box

guides (zo-operating therewith, and means for simultaneously adjustingthe guides for 10 different lateral box dimensions.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New Yorkthis 10th day of May A. D. 1926.

HARRY BRIDGMAN.

